SPG电机S9R90GBH-TCE 为何国内车企偏爱永磁电动机？

交流伺服电机的缺点是控制较复杂，驱动器参数需要现场调整PID参数确定，而且需要更多的连线来支持其运行工作。 两者的应用领域对比 直流伺服电机应用在各类数字控制系统中的执行机构驱动以及需要精确控制恒定转速或需要精确控制转速变化曲线的动力驱动。由于直流伺服马达既具有交流马达的结构简单、运行可靠、维护方便等一系列优点，又具有直流马达的运行效率高、无励磁损耗以及调速性能好的特点，故在当今国民经济的各个领域，如医疗器械、仪表仪器、化工、轻纺以及家用电器等方面的应用日益普及。 凡是对位置，速度和力矩的控制精度要求比较高的场合，都可以采用交流伺服驱动。如机床、印刷设备、包装设备、纺织设备、激光加工设备、机器人、电子、制药、金融机具、自动化生产线等。因为伺服多用在定位、速度控制场合，所以伺服又称为运动控制。 无刷直流电动机由永磁体转子、多极绕组定子、位置传感器等组成。位置传感按转子位置的变化，沿着一定次序对定子绕组的电流进行换流（即检测转子磁极相对定子绕组的位置，并在确定的位置处产生位置传感信号，经信号转换电路处理后去控制功率开关电路，按一定的逻辑关系进行绕组电流切换）。定子绕组的工作电压由位置传感器输出控制的电子开关电路提供。

伺服电机是指在伺服系统中控制机械元件运转的发动机，是一种补助马达间接变速装置。伺服电机可使控制速度，位置精度非常准确，可以将电压信号转化为转矩和转速以驱动控制对象。伺服电机转子转速受输入信号控制，并能快速反应，在自动控制系统中，用作执行元件，且具有机电时间常数小、线性度高、始动电压等特性，可把所收到的电信号转换成电动机轴上的角位移或角速度输出。直流伺服电机与交流伺服电机 分为直流和交流伺服电动机两大类，其主要特点是，当信号电压为零时无自转现象，转速随着转矩的增加而匀速下降。 直流伺服电机,它包括定子、转子铁芯、电机转轴、伺服电机绕组换向器、伺服电机绕组、测速电机绕组、测速电机换向器,所述的转子铁芯由矽钢冲片叠压固定在电机转轴上构成。 电机特性交流异步电机永磁同步电机功率密度低功率密度高调速范围小调速范围大单位功率成本低单位功率成本高无退磁现象温度大幅变化能引起退磁从性能上看，永磁同步电机在瞬态仍然可以保证较高的效率（95%左右），同时有着更大的功率密度，因此适用于频繁起停的工况以及较小的乘用车布置空间。而感应电动机胜在成本低、可靠性更高，同时稳态的效率也不错（大部分工况85%~90%以上），因而在高速路网发达的工况以及较大的乘用车布置空间的条件下，感应电机可以满足需求。目前驱动电机主要分为直流电机、交流电机及轮毂电机等；其中，直流和交流电机又可进一步划分。目前行业对交流异步电机、永磁同步电机及开关磁阻电机关注度较高。通过对常见的几种电机进行比较分析可知（见表1），永磁同步电机具有效率高、转速范围宽、体积小、重量轻、功率密度大、成本低等优点，成为纯电动乘用车市场的主要驱动电机。 从行业配套来看，新能源乘用车主要使用的是交流感应电机和永磁同步电机。其中，永磁同步电机使用较多，因其转速区间和效率都相对较高，但是需要使用昂贵的系统永磁材料钕铁硼；部分欧美车系采用交流感应电机，主要因为稀土资源匮乏，同时出于降低电机成本考虑，其劣势主要是转速区间小，效率低，需要性能更高的调速器以匹配性能。 随着新能源汽车市场的迅猛发展，驱动电机市场空间潜力巨大，吸引了众多企业和资本的进入。国内外典型驱动电机企业的永磁同步电机产品情况如表2所示。整体来看，我国驱动电机取得较大进展，已经自主开发出满足各类新能源汽车需求的产品，部分主要性能指标已达到相同功率等级的国际先进水平。但是在峰值转速、功率密度及效率方面与国外仍存在一定的差距 永磁同步电机在生产工艺方面的难点是制约大规模配套乘用车的重要因素。因为永磁同步电机生产企业缺乏产业化的积累，国内企业生产不良率较高，无法达到乘用车企业的不良率要求，尤其是随着纯电动乘用车市场规模的扩大，十万级的年产量给永磁同步电机带来了巨大的挑战。

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S9KC15BH S9KC18BH S9KC20BH S9KC25BH S9KC30BH S9KC36BH S9KC40BH S9KC50BH S9KC60BH S9KC75BH S9KC90BH S9KC100BH S9KC120BH S9KC150BH S9KC180BH S9KC200BH S9KC3BH-S S9KC3.6BH-S S9KC5BH-S S9KC6BH-S S9KC7.5BH-S S9KC9BH-S S9KC12.5BH-S S9KC15BH-S S9KC18BH-S S9KC20BH-S S9KC25BH-S S9KC30BH-S
S9KC36BH-S S9KC40BH-S S9KC50BH-S S9KC60BH-S S9KC75BH-SS9KC90BH-S S9KC100BH-S S9KC120BH-S S9KC150BH-S S9KC180BH-SS9KC200BH-SS9GX10BH - S S9KD3B S9KD3.6B S9KD5B S9KD6B S9KD7.5B S9KD9B S9KD12.5B S9KD15B S9KD18B S9KD20B S9KD25B S9KD30B S9KD36B S9KD40B S9KD50B S9KD60B S9KD75B S9KD90B S9KD100B S9KD120B S9KD150B S9KD180B S9KD200B S9KD10B S9KH3B S9KH3.6B S9KH5B S9KH6B S9KH7.5B S9KH9B S9KH12.5B S9KH15B S9KH18B S9KH20B S9KH25B S9KH30B S9KH36B S9KH40B S9KH50B S9KH60B 9KH75B S9KH90B S9KH120B S9KH150B S9KH180B S9KH200B S9KH10B SBAIR SBB-IR SBC-IR SBD-IR SBU-ISBT-ISBS-ICE SBA-NCR SBB-NCR SBC-NCR SBD-NCR SBX-NCR SBA-ENCR SBB-ENCR SBC-ENCR SBD-ENCR SBX-ENCRSOEW-10 SOEW-15SOEW-20SOEW-05 SOEW-50 SC9KC75 SC9KC15

SUA06IX-V12 SUA06IA-V12 SUA06IB-V12 SUA06IC-V12 SUA06ID-V12 SUA06IE-V12 SUA715X-V12 SUA715IA-V12 SUA715IB-V12 SUA715IC-V12 SUA715ID-V12 SUA715IE-V12 SUA25IX-V12 SUA25IA-V12 SUA25IB-V12 SUA25IC-V12 SUA25ID-V12 SUA25IE-V12 SUA40IX-V12 SUA40IA-V12 SUA40IB-V12 SUA40IC-V12 SUA40ID-V12 SUA40IE-V12 SUA60IX-V12 SUA60IA-V12 SUA60IB-V12 SUA60IC-V12 SUA60ID-V12 SUA60IE-V112 SUA90IX-V12 SUA90IA-V12 SUA90IB-V12 SUA90IC-V12 SUA90ID-V12 SUA90IE-V12 SUA180IA-V12 SUA180IB-V12 SUD25IX-V12 SUD40IX-V12 SUD60IX-V12 SUD40IB-V12 SUD90IX-V12 SRX02 SRA02 SRB02 SRC02 SRD02 SRX01 SRA01 SRB01 SRC01 SRD01 SRX02CE SRX01CE SRA01CE SRB01CE SRC01CE SRD01CE SSA01-SRSS SSA02-SRSS SSA03-SRSS SSB01-SRSS SSB02-SRSS SSB03-SRSS SSC01-SRSS SSC02-SRSS SSC03-SRSS SSD01-SRSS SSD02-SRSS SSD03-SRSS SSX01-SRSS SSX02-SRSS SSX03-SRSS